Shortform

“afterward” in braille

Written a-f-w — 9 letters cut to 3 letters of abbreviation, then written in 3 cells. That is 6 cells saved every time the word appears.

dots 1, then dots 1-2-4, then dots 2-4-5-6

Unicode ⠁⠋⠺ — 9 letters in 3 cells

How to recognise it

a-f-w, the third member of the af- set, and the only one of the three that is not among the five thousand commonest English words. In practice “afterwards” is the spelling people write, and it keeps the shortform and adds an s — so the form you will actually meet is four cells, not three.

Two steps, not one

Abbreviated in letters first, then written in cells. “afterward” loses 6 letters — t, e, r, a, r, d — to become afw. Every letter of the abbreviation is then written as itself, one cell each.

“afterward” step by step
StageWhat it isCells
Spelled outafterward9 cells
Abbreviatedafw3 letters
Written3 cells

Endings it keeps

One English word begins with these letters, and the reference keeps the shortform in it. The one ending that survives is -s. Everything else is spelled out.

“afterward” with an ending
WordIn brailleEndingCells
afterwards-s4 cells

Learn it with the af- words

This is one of 3 shortforms built to the same shape — a-f, then what tells them apart — and the set is far quicker learned together than one word at a time: after (af), afternoon (afn).

What these 3 cells mean elsewhere

Every cell here has other jobs, which is where misreadings come from:

The cells of “afterward” read separately
CellDotsWhat it is elsewhere
1the letter a
1-2-4the letter f; the word “from” standing alone
2-4-5-6the letter w; the word “will” standing alone

Check your own text

The translator writes “afterward” with Grade 2 selected, and the contractions page has all seventy-three.

“afterward” in braille as an image

The word as it is actually written: afw in 3 cells, not 9 letters.

"afterward" in braille as a Grade 2 shortform: 3 cells rather than the 9 an uncontracted spelling would take.

Download the PNGCC BY 4.0.