Grade 2 contraction

The “gh” contraction in braille

One cell for the letters “gh” wherever they appear together in a word.

Dots 1-2-6

Unicode ⠣ — replaces the letters gh

How to recognise it

Dots 1, 2 and 6. Common in English spelling and almost always silent, which makes it a good candidate for a single cell.

Words that use it

Each of these is shorter in Grade 2 than in Grade 1, because the letters “gh” collapse into a single cell wherever the rules allow it.

“gh” in real words
WordIn braille (Grade 2)Grade 1Grade 2
night5 cells4 cells
though6 cells3 cells
laugh5 cells4 cells
right5 cells4 cells

Contractions it is confused with

These differ from “gh” by a single dot, which is where reading errors actually happen. Under a fingertip a missing or extra dot is far easier to miss than a completely different shape, so these are the ones worth drilling against each other.

One dot away from “gh”
CellStands forDifference
ch — “child” alonedots 1-6 against 1-2-6
eddots 1-2-4-6 against 1-2-6
ou — “out” alonedots 1-2-5-6 against 1-2-6
endots 2-6 against 1-2-6

Check your own text

Type anything into the translator with Grade 2 selected and this cell will appear wherever the rules allow it. The full contraction list shows the other eighteen, and Grade 1 versus Grade 2 explains when contracted braille is the right choice at all.