Initial-letter contraction
“through” in braille
Two cells for the whole word, however long it is — 7 letters here, a saving of 5 cells. “through” is 166th in the 5,000-word frequency list this site measures against.
Dots 5, then dots 1-4-5-6
Unicode ⠐⠹ — 7 letters in two cells
How to recognise it
Seven letters in two cells. Its second cell is the th groupsign, which it shares with “those” — the two are told apart by their prefixes, and both are worth learning at the same time for exactly that reason.
The second cell is the “th” sign, not a t
You would expect a t. What follows the prefix is the th groupsign, chosen for the shape of the word rather than its spelling. Nine of the thirty-three do this.
Learn it with its sister
“through” and “those” are written with the same second cell. Only the prefix separates them, which means the hard work of telling them apart is done by one cell — and learning them as a set is far quicker than meeting them one at a time.
| Word | Cells | Prefix | Cells saved |
|---|---|---|---|
| through | dots 5 | 5 cells | |
| those | dots 4-5 | 3 cells |
Where it may appear inside a longer word
The rulebook uses it wherever its letters occur, unless another rule limits it (Rules of Unified English Braille 10.7.1).
This site does the same: wherever the letters occur, the sign is used.
From the rulebook's own examples, as this site writes them. With the sign: throughout ⠐⠹⠳⠞.
As with every contraction, it is not used where its letters would reach across the join between the parts of a compound word (10.11).
Updated 27 September 2026. Until 18 September this section gave the positions — start, middle, end — where the sign agreed with the reference translator more often than not, and the translator followed those. It follows the rule above now; the survey explains what changed and why.
Longer words that keep it
1 word among the 5,000 commonest in English is written with this contraction inside it. These are some of them, and every one was taken from this site's own output rather than chosen by hand.
| Word | In braille (Grade 2) | Grade 1 | Grade 2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| throughout | 10 cells | 4 cells |
The other 21 words under dots 5
The largest of the three prefix groups, so the prefix itself tells you little — the second cell does the work.
character, day, ever, father, here, know, lord, mother, name, one, ought, part, question, right, some, there, time, under, where, work, young.
In a whole book
In a count over the whole of Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland (26,439 words), this contraction is written 14 times and saves 70 cells. That is 0.20% of everything Grade 2 saves in the book, and ranks it 86th of the 158 contractions used.
Every one of those is the word “through” itself.
Check your own text
Type “through” into the translator with Grade 2 selected to see both cells, or take the full list.
“through” in braille as an image
Both cells as a picture: dot 5, then dots 1, 4, 5 and 6 — the whole word in two cells rather than 7 letters.
